Nanu Oya Ella Falls
Central Province, Nuwara Eliya
About Nanu Oya Ella Falls
Fed by mountain streams in the highest reaches of Sri Lanka's central highlands, where the island's tallest peaks, deepest valleys, and most dramatic escarpments channel rainfall into spectacular cascades, Nanu Oya Ella Falls plummets 60 metres past upper montane cloud forest and extensive tea estates, with dwarf bamboo, tree ferns, and endemic rhododendrons at the highest elevations.
Sri Lanka, despite its compact size, harbours over 500 waterfalls — more per square kilometre than almost any country on Earth. The Nuwara Eliya District alone contains dozens of cascades, ranging from thundering plunges visible from main roads to hidden gems deep in roadless jungle. Nanu Oya Ella Falls, at 60 metres, represents one of the more significant waterfalls in the district, drawing visitors and photographers throughout the year.
What to Expect
As you approach through the forest, the thundering sound announces the waterfall long before it comes into view. The cascade creates its own microclimate — noticeably cooler and more humid than the surrounding forest. Rainbow arcs frequently appear in the spray when sunlight breaks through the canopy.
Flora and Fauna
The forest surrounding Nanu Oya Ella Falls is characteristic of the highest reaches of Sri Lanka's central highlands, where the island's tallest peaks, deepest valleys, and most dramatic escarpments channel rainfall into spectacular cascades. upper montane cloud forest and extensive tea estates, with dwarf bamboo, tree ferns, and endemic rhododendrons at the highest elevations create a rich habitat for wildlife. Birdwatchers may spot Horton Plains slender loris, Sri Lanka white-eye, and the mountain hawk-eagle soaring above the valleys. Near the waterfall itself, the constant spray supports a micro-habitat of moisture-loving plants — look for tree ferns unfurling new fronds, cushions of bright green moss on rocks, and perhaps a flash of iridescent blue as a kingfisher darts along the stream.
Best Time to Visit
The waterfall is at its most impressive during the both monsoons bring significant rain — wettest October to January, when heavy rainfall swells the streams feeding the cascade. However, trails can be slippery and leeches more active during peak rains. The inter-monsoon months of March-April and September-October often provide the best balance — decent water flow with more manageable trail conditions and clearer skies for photography. Early morning visits reward with the best light and the dawn chorus of the surrounding forest.
How to Get There
Nuwara Eliya is reached by road from Kandy (2.5 hours) or by the spectacular train journey from Colombo via Kandy. Local transport reaches most waterfall trailheads. The trail to the waterfall may be unmarked in places — asking at the nearest village is recommended. Many rural Sri Lankans are familiar with their local waterfalls and happy to point the way. Pack water, insect repellent, and a light rain jacket. Sturdy, non-slip footwear is essential as rocks near waterfalls are often covered in algae and can be treacherous when wet.
Visitor Tips
- Bring a waterproof bag for electronics — spray from the falls can travel surprisingly far
- Swimming is possible at many falls, but check water depth and current first, especially after rain
- Leeches are common near waterfalls during wet months — wearing long socks tucked into trousers helps
- Leave no trace — carry out all rubbish and respect the natural environment
